The Difference Between ADSS and OPGW Fiber Optic Cables

In modern power and communication networks, ADSS and OPGW are two of the most important types of fiber optic cables used for transmission lines. While both carry optical fibers, their applications and structures are quite different.

⚙️ 1. ADSS (All-Dielectric Self-Supporting) Cable

Structure:
ADSS cables contain no metallic components, making them lightweight, non-conductive, and easy to install along power lines.

Features:

• Fully dielectric (no metal) — safe under high-voltage environments

• Self-supporting — no need for messenger wire

• Resistant to lightning and electromagnetic interference

• Ideal for aerial installation between power poles

Applications:

• Power transmission systems (10kV–220kV lines)

• FTTH and rural broadband backbone networks

⚙️ 2. OPGW (Optical Ground Wire) Cable

Structure:
OPGW combines optical fibers with a steel/aluminum ground wire, offering both grounding and communication functions.

Features:

• Double role: electrical grounding + optical data transmission

• High tensile strength and lightning protection

• Installed at the top of power transmission towers

Applications:

• 110kV–500kV power transmission lines

• Utility and grid communication systems